Incidence of HIV in Windhoek, Namibia: Demographic and Socio-Economic Associations
Identifieur interne : 003C90 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003C89; suivant : 003C91Incidence of HIV in Windhoek, Namibia: Demographic and Socio-Economic Associations
Auteurs : Marielle Aulagnier [Pays-Bas] ; Wendy Janssens [Pays-Bas] ; Ingrid De Beer [Namibie] ; Gert Van Rooy [Namibie] ; Esegiel Gaeb [Namibie] ; Cees Hesp [Pays-Bas] ; Jacques Van Der Gaag [Pays-Bas, États-Unis] ; Tobias F. Rinke De Wit [Pays-Bas]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2011.
Abstract
To estimate HIV incidence and prevalence in Windhoek, Namibia and to analyze socio-economic factors related to HIV infection.
In 2006/7, baseline surveys were performed with 1,753 private households living in the greater Windhoek area; follow-up visits took place in 2008 and 2009. Face-to-face socio-economic questionnaires were administrated by trained interviewers; biomedical markers were collected by nurses; GPS codes of household residences were recorded.
The HIV prevalence in the population (aged>12 years) was 11.8% in 2006/7 and 14.6% in 2009. HIV incidence between 2007 and 2009 was 2.4 per 100 person year (95%CI = 1.9–2.9). HIV incidence and prevalence were higher in female populations. HIV incidence appeared non-associated with any socioeconomic factor, indicating universal risk for the population. For women a positive trend was found between low per-capita consumption and HIV acquisition. A HIV knowledge score was strongly associated with HIV incidence for both men and women. High HIV prevalence and incidence was concentrated in the north-western part of the city, an area with lower HIV knowledge, higher HIV risk perception and lower per-capita consumption.
The HIV incidence and prevalence figures do not suggest a declining epidemic in Windhoek. Higher vulnerability of women is recorded, most likely related to economic dependency and increasing transactional sex in Namibia. The lack of relation between HIV incidence and socio-economic factors confirms HIV risks for the overall urban community. Appropriate knowledge is strongly associated to lower HIV incidence and prevalence, underscoring the importance of continuous information and education activities for prevention of infection. Geographical areas were identified that would require prioritized HIV campaigning.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025860
PubMed: 21991374
PubMed Central: 3186802
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 002B73
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 002B72
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 002204
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 001471
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 001471
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 001471
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 003D29
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 003C90
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Incidence of HIV in Windhoek, Namibia: Demographic and Socio-Economic Associations</title><author><name sortKey="Aulagnier, Marielle" sort="Aulagnier, Marielle" uniqKey="Aulagnier M" first="Marielle" last="Aulagnier">Marielle Aulagnier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Janssens, Wendy" sort="Janssens, Wendy" uniqKey="Janssens W" first="Wendy" last="Janssens">Wendy Janssens</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Beer, Ingrid" sort="De Beer, Ingrid" uniqKey="De Beer I" first="Ingrid" last="De Beer">Ingrid De Beer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Namibie</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation Namibia, Windhoek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Windhoek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Rooy, Gert" sort="Van Rooy, Gert" uniqKey="Van Rooy G" first="Gert" last="Van Rooy">Gert Van Rooy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Multi-disciplinary Research Center, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Namibie</country><wicri:regionArea>Multi-disciplinary Research Center, University of Namibia, Windhoek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Windhoek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gaeb, Esegiel" sort="Gaeb, Esegiel" uniqKey="Gaeb E" first="Esegiel" last="Gaeb">Esegiel Gaeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Namibia Institute of Pathology, Windhoek, Namibia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Namibie</country><wicri:regionArea>Namibia Institute of Pathology, Windhoek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Windhoek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hesp, Cees" sort="Hesp, Cees" uniqKey="Hesp C" first="Cees" last="Hesp">Cees Hesp</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" sort="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J" first="Jacques" last="Van Der Gaag">Jacques Van Der Gaag</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C., United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>D.C.</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" sort="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" uniqKey="Rinke De Wit T" first="Tobias F." last="Rinke De Wit">Tobias F. Rinke De Wit</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region>Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">21991374</idno><idno type="pmc">3186802</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3186802</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3186802</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0025860</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002B73</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002B73</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">002B72</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">002B72</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">002204</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">002204</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001471</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001471</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001471</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">003D29</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">003C90</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">003C90</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Incidence of HIV in Windhoek, Namibia: Demographic and Socio-Economic Associations</title><author><name sortKey="Aulagnier, Marielle" sort="Aulagnier, Marielle" uniqKey="Aulagnier M" first="Marielle" last="Aulagnier">Marielle Aulagnier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Janssens, Wendy" sort="Janssens, Wendy" uniqKey="Janssens W" first="Wendy" last="Janssens">Wendy Janssens</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Beer, Ingrid" sort="De Beer, Ingrid" uniqKey="De Beer I" first="Ingrid" last="De Beer">Ingrid De Beer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Namibie</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation Namibia, Windhoek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Windhoek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Rooy, Gert" sort="Van Rooy, Gert" uniqKey="Van Rooy G" first="Gert" last="Van Rooy">Gert Van Rooy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Multi-disciplinary Research Center, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Namibie</country><wicri:regionArea>Multi-disciplinary Research Center, University of Namibia, Windhoek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Windhoek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gaeb, Esegiel" sort="Gaeb, Esegiel" uniqKey="Gaeb E" first="Esegiel" last="Gaeb">Esegiel Gaeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Namibia Institute of Pathology, Windhoek, Namibia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Namibie</country><wicri:regionArea>Namibia Institute of Pathology, Windhoek</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Windhoek</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hesp, Cees" sort="Hesp, Cees" uniqKey="Hesp C" first="Cees" last="Hesp">Cees Hesp</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" sort="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J" first="Jacques" last="Van Der Gaag">Jacques Van Der Gaag</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Development Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff6"><addr-line>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Amsterdam Institute for International Development, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7"><addr-line>Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C., United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C.</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>D.C.</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" sort="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" uniqKey="Rinke De Wit T" first="Tobias F." last="Rinke De Wit">Tobias F. Rinke De Wit</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff8"><addr-line>Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Global Health, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement><region nuts="2" type="province">Hollande-Septentrionale</region><settlement type="city">Amsterdam</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Amsterdam</orgName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To estimate HIV incidence and prevalence in Windhoek, Namibia and to analyze socio-economic factors related to HIV infection.</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>In 2006/7, baseline surveys were performed with 1,753 private households living in the greater Windhoek area; follow-up visits took place in 2008 and 2009. Face-to-face socio-economic questionnaires were administrated by trained interviewers; biomedical markers were collected by nurses; GPS codes of household residences were recorded.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The HIV prevalence in the population (aged>12 years) was 11.8% in 2006/7 and 14.6% in 2009. HIV incidence between 2007 and 2009 was 2.4 per 100 person year (95%CI = 1.9–2.9). HIV incidence and prevalence were higher in female populations. HIV incidence appeared non-associated with any socioeconomic factor, indicating universal risk for the population. For women a positive trend was found between low per-capita consumption and HIV acquisition. A HIV knowledge score was strongly associated with HIV incidence for both men and women. High HIV prevalence and incidence was concentrated in the north-western part of the city, an area with lower HIV knowledge, higher HIV risk perception and lower per-capita consumption.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>The HIV incidence and prevalence figures do not suggest a declining epidemic in Windhoek. Higher vulnerability of women is recorded, most likely related to economic dependency and increasing transactional sex in Namibia. The lack of relation between HIV incidence and socio-economic factors confirms HIV risks for the overall urban community. Appropriate knowledge is strongly associated to lower HIV incidence and prevalence, underscoring the importance of continuous information and education activities for prevention of infection. Geographical areas were identified that would require prioritized HIV campaigning.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fox, Am" uniqKey="Fox A">AM Fox</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, M" uniqKey="Schmidt M">M Schmidt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Frayne, B" uniqKey="Frayne B">B Frayne</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Garcia Calleja, Jm" uniqKey="Garcia Calleja J">JM Garcia-Calleja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gouws, E" uniqKey="Gouws E">E Gouws</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ghys, Pd" uniqKey="Ghys P">PD Ghys</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kyobutungi, C" uniqKey="Kyobutungi C">C Kyobutungi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ziraba, Ak" uniqKey="Ziraba A">AK Ziraba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ezeh, A" uniqKey="Ezeh A">A Ezeh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ye, Y" uniqKey="Ye Y">Y Ye</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vearey, J" uniqKey="Vearey J">J Vearey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palmary, I" uniqKey="Palmary I">I Palmary</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, L" uniqKey="Thomas L">L Thomas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nunez, L" uniqKey="Nunez L">L Nunez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drimie, S" uniqKey="Drimie S">S Drimie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holtgrave, Dr" uniqKey="Holtgrave D">DR Holtgrave</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crosby, Ra" uniqKey="Crosby R">RA Crosby</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Galea, S" uniqKey="Galea S">S Galea</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vlahov, D" uniqKey="Vlahov D">D Vlahov</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harpham, T" uniqKey="Harpham T">T Harpham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vlahov, D" uniqKey="Vlahov D">D Vlahov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Galea, S" uniqKey="Galea S">S Galea</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gibble, E" uniqKey="Gibble E">E Gibble</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freudenberg, N" uniqKey="Freudenberg N">N Freudenberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schellekens, O" uniqKey="Schellekens O">O Schellekens</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Beer, I" uniqKey="De Beer I">I de Beer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lindner, M" uniqKey="Lindner M">M Lindner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Vugt, M" uniqKey="Van Vugt M">M van Vugt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schellekens, P" uniqKey="Schellekens P">P Schellekens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rinke De Wit, T" uniqKey="Rinke De Wit T">T Rinke de Wit</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hamers, Rl" uniqKey="Hamers R">RL Hamers</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Beer, Ih" uniqKey="De Beer I">IH de Beer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaura, H" uniqKey="Kaura H">H Kaura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Vugt, M" uniqKey="Van Vugt M">M van Vugt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caparos, L" uniqKey="Caparos L">L Caparos</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grosh, M" uniqKey="Grosh M">M Grosh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glewwe, P" uniqKey="Glewwe P">P Glewwe</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kumwenda, N" uniqKey="Kumwenda N">N Kumwenda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, I" uniqKey="Hoffman I">I Hoffman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chirenje, M" uniqKey="Chirenje M">M Chirenje</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kelly, C" uniqKey="Kelly C">C Kelly</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coletti, A" uniqKey="Coletti A">A Coletti</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Padian, Ns" uniqKey="Padian N">NS Padian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Straten, A" uniqKey="Van Der Straten A">A van der Straten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramjee, G" uniqKey="Ramjee G">G Ramjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chipato, T" uniqKey="Chipato T">T Chipato</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Bruyn, G" uniqKey="De Bruyn G">G de Bruyn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Braunstein, Sl" uniqKey="Braunstein S">SL Braunstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Wijgert, Jh" uniqKey="Van De Wijgert J">JH van de Wijgert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nash, D" uniqKey="Nash D">D Nash</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bailey, Rc" uniqKey="Bailey R">RC Bailey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moses, S" uniqKey="Moses S">S Moses</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parker, Cb" uniqKey="Parker C">CB Parker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Agot, K" uniqKey="Agot K">K Agot</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maclean, I" uniqKey="Maclean I">I Maclean</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abdool Karim, Q" uniqKey="Abdool Karim Q">Q Abdool Karim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sibeko, S" uniqKey="Sibeko S">S Sibeko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baxter, C" uniqKey="Baxter C">C Baxter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dunkle, Kl" uniqKey="Dunkle K">KL Dunkle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jewkes, Rk" uniqKey="Jewkes R">RK Jewkes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, Hc" uniqKey="Brown H">HC Brown</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gray, Ge" uniqKey="Gray G">GE Gray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mc Intryre, Ja" uniqKey="Mc Intryre J">JA Mc Intryre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harlow, S" uniqKey="Harlow S">S Harlow</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Macphail, C" uniqKey="Macphail C">C MacPhail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Campbell, C" uniqKey="Campbell C">C Campbell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hunter, M" uniqKey="Hunter M">M Hunter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jewkes, Rk" uniqKey="Jewkes R">RK Jewkes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Jb" uniqKey="Levin J">JB Levin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shelton, Jd" uniqKey="Shelton J">JD Shelton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cassell, Mm" uniqKey="Cassell M">MM Cassell</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Janssens, W" uniqKey="Janssens W">W Janssens</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Beer, I" uniqKey="De Beer I">I de Beer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coutinho, H" uniqKey="Coutinho H">H Coutinho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Rooy, G" uniqKey="Van Rooy G">G van Rooy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, J" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J">J van der Gaag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rinke De Wit, Tf" uniqKey="Rinke De Wit T">TF Rinke de Wit</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mwaluko, G" uniqKey="Mwaluko G">G Mwaluko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Urassa, M" uniqKey="Urassa M">M Urassa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Isingo, R" uniqKey="Isingo R">R Isingo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zaba, B" uniqKey="Zaba B">B Zaba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boerma, Jt" uniqKey="Boerma J">JT Boerma</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gregson, S" uniqKey="Gregson S">S Gregson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garnett, Gp" uniqKey="Garnett G">GP Garnett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nyamukapa, Ca" uniqKey="Nyamukapa C">CA Nyamukapa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hallett, Tb" uniqKey="Hallett T">TB Hallett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, Jj" uniqKey="Lewis J">JJ Lewis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lopman, B" uniqKey="Lopman B">B Lopman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, J" uniqKey="Lewis J">J Lewis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nyamukapa, C" uniqKey="Nyamukapa C">C Nyamukapa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mushati, P" uniqKey="Mushati P">P Mushati</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chandiwana, S" uniqKey="Chandiwana S">S Chandiwana</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wambura, M" uniqKey="Wambura M">M Wambura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Urassa, M" uniqKey="Urassa M">M Urassa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Isingo, R" uniqKey="Isingo R">R Isingo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ndege, M" uniqKey="Ndege M">M Ndege</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marston, M" uniqKey="Marston M">M Marston</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gustafsson Wright, E" uniqKey="Gustafsson Wright E">E Gustafsson-Wright</name></author><author><name sortKey="Janssens, W" uniqKey="Janssens W">W Janssens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, J" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J">J van der Gaag</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marston, M" uniqKey="Marston M">M Marston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harriss, K" uniqKey="Harriss K">K Harriss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Slaymaker, E" uniqKey="Slaymaker E">E Slaymaker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mishra, V" uniqKey="Mishra V">V Mishra</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barrere, B" uniqKey="Barrere B">B Barrere</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hong, R" uniqKey="Hong R">R Hong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khan, S" uniqKey="Khan S">S Khan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Janssens, W" uniqKey="Janssens W">W Janssens</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, J" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J">J Van der Gaag</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rinke De Wit, Tf" uniqKey="Rinke De Wit T">TF Rinke de Wit</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zaba, B" uniqKey="Zaba B">B Zaba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pisani, E" uniqKey="Pisani E">E Pisani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Slaymaker, E" uniqKey="Slaymaker E">E Slaymaker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ties Boerma, J" uniqKey="Ties Boerma J">J Ties Boerma</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Voeten, Ha" uniqKey="Voeten H">HA Voeten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vissers, Dc" uniqKey="Vissers D">DC Vissers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gregson, S" uniqKey="Gregson S">S Gregson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zaba, B" uniqKey="Zaba B">B Zaba</name></author><author><name sortKey="White, Rg" uniqKey="White R">RG White</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Daniels, N" uniqKey="Daniels N">N Daniels</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, Bp" uniqKey="Kennedy B">BP Kennedy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawachi, I" uniqKey="Kawachi I">I Kawachi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stringer, Em" uniqKey="Stringer E">EM Stringer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sinkala, M" uniqKey="Sinkala M">M Sinkala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumwenda, R" uniqKey="Kumwenda R">R Kumwenda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chapman, V" uniqKey="Chapman V">V Chapman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mwale, A" uniqKey="Mwale A">A Mwale</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Namibie</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Hollande-Septentrionale</li></region><settlement><li>Amsterdam</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Amsterdam</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Pays-Bas"><region name="Hollande-Septentrionale"><name sortKey="Aulagnier, Marielle" sort="Aulagnier, Marielle" uniqKey="Aulagnier M" first="Marielle" last="Aulagnier">Marielle Aulagnier</name></region><name sortKey="Hesp, Cees" sort="Hesp, Cees" uniqKey="Hesp C" first="Cees" last="Hesp">Cees Hesp</name><name sortKey="Janssens, Wendy" sort="Janssens, Wendy" uniqKey="Janssens W" first="Wendy" last="Janssens">Wendy Janssens</name><name sortKey="Janssens, Wendy" sort="Janssens, Wendy" uniqKey="Janssens W" first="Wendy" last="Janssens">Wendy Janssens</name><name sortKey="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" sort="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" uniqKey="Rinke De Wit T" first="Tobias F." last="Rinke De Wit">Tobias F. Rinke De Wit</name><name sortKey="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" sort="Rinke De Wit, Tobias F" uniqKey="Rinke De Wit T" first="Tobias F." last="Rinke De Wit">Tobias F. Rinke De Wit</name><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" sort="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J" first="Jacques" last="Van Der Gaag">Jacques Van Der Gaag</name><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" sort="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J" first="Jacques" last="Van Der Gaag">Jacques Van Der Gaag</name></country><country name="Namibie"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Beer, Ingrid" sort="De Beer, Ingrid" uniqKey="De Beer I" first="Ingrid" last="De Beer">Ingrid De Beer</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Gaeb, Esegiel" sort="Gaeb, Esegiel" uniqKey="Gaeb E" first="Esegiel" last="Gaeb">Esegiel Gaeb</name><name sortKey="Van Rooy, Gert" sort="Van Rooy, Gert" uniqKey="Van Rooy G" first="Gert" last="Van Rooy">Gert Van Rooy</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" sort="Van Der Gaag, Jacques" uniqKey="Van Der Gaag J" first="Jacques" last="Van Der Gaag">Jacques Van Der Gaag</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/SidaSubSaharaV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 003C90 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 003C90 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= SidaSubSaharaV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:3186802
|texte= Incidence of HIV in Windhoek, Namibia: Demographic and Socio-Economic Associations
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:21991374" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SidaSubSaharaV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. |  |